A Design Methodology for MPEG-21 based Digital Policy Management Systems

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Multichannel distribution for universal multimedia access in home media gateways

Today, people collect their personal multimedia content on home media servers. In addition to consuming their content on TV sets, people are using mobile multimedia players, PCs and even mobile phones. Since those terminals have various capabilities, it is necessary to adapt the content to a more device specific version. For audio, video, and graphics scalable codecs exist which realize this goal. For multimedia presentations no such scalable coding is available. This paper introduces a multichannel distribution system in home media gateways, this implies that a multimedia presentation can to be created once, and consumed on every possible terminal. The introduced multichannel distribution system is realized by combining MPEG-21 technology with existing device specific presentation languages. This results in a device agnostic Digital Item which can be transformed into a device specific presentation. The resulted presentation takes advantage of the full potential of a terminal

An Architecture for Run-Time Analysis Enabling Rights Checking in Dynamic Applications

Abstract In todays connected digital environment, management and protection of intellectual property rights is getting more and more important. New technologies for Digital Rights Management are emerging everywhere. Most of these technologies focus on protection by encryption or watermarking. In this paper we go one step further, demonstrating how it is possible to deduct the set of required rights for a sequence of actions at runtime. This paper uses the MPEG-21 Rights Expression Language and the MPEG-21 Rights Data Dictionary to express licenses for handling content. The methods discussed in this paper are applied to a dynamic scenario in which it is not known in advance what code will be executed, e.g., in applications using scripts. In order to create a governed execution environment, an architecture for tracking, filtering, and analyzing a sequence of actions is presented. Finally, the presented methodology is applied to an example manipulating an XML document using the Document Object Model API.

Contextualized Web Warnings, and How They Cause Distrust

Current warnings in Web browsers are difficult to understand for lay users. We address this problem through more concrete warning content by contextualizing the warning – for example, taking the user’s current intention into account in order to name concrete consequences. To explore the practical value of contextualization and potential obstacles, we conduct a behavioral study with 36 participants who we either confront with contextualized or with standard warning content while they solve Web browsing tasks. We also collect exploratory data in a posterior card-sorting exercise and interview. We deduce a higher understanding of the risks of proceeding from the exploratory data. Moreover, we identify conflicting effects from contextualization, including distrust in the content, and formulate recommendations for effective contextualized warning content